Write the electron configurations for the following (use the rare gas notation for closed shells): a) Gd3+; b) Rh3+; c) Os3+; d) Tl3+; e) Bi3+

1. Write the electron configurations for the following (use the rare gas notation for closed shells): a) Gd³⁺; b) Rh³⁺; c) Os³⁺; d) Tl³⁺; e) Bi³⁺.

Atom	electron configuration for neutral atom	electron configuration for cation
Gd	[Xe]6s²5d¹4f⁷	[Xe]4f⁷
Rh	[Kr]5s¹4d⁸	[Kr]4d⁶
Os	[Xe]6s²4f¹⁴5d⁶	[Xe]4f¹⁴5d⁵
Tl	[Xe]6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p¹	[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰
Bi	[Xe]6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p³	[Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²